Optimal. Leaf size=480 \[ -\frac {2 \sqrt {d+e x} \left (b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e+c (2 c d-b e) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {4 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A]
time = 0.23, antiderivative size = 480, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 6, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 24, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.208, Rules used = {754, 857, 732,
435, 430} \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} (2 c d-b e) E\left (\text {ArcSin}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \left (a e^2-b d e+c d^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-e \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}}}-\frac {4 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-e \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}} F\left (\text {ArcSin}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {d+e x} \left (2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+c x (2 c d-b e)+b c d\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \left (a e^2-b d e+c d^2\right )} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 430
Rule 435
Rule 732
Rule 754
Rule 857
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d+e x} \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx &=-\frac {2 \sqrt {d+e x} \left (b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e+c (2 c d-b e) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 \int \frac {-\frac {1}{2} c e (b d-2 a e)-\frac {1}{2} c e (2 c d-b e) x}{\sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right )}\\ &=-\frac {2 \sqrt {d+e x} \left (b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e+c (2 c d-b e) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {(2 c) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{b^2-4 a c}+\frac {(c (2 c d-b e)) \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right )}\\ &=-\frac {2 \sqrt {d+e x} \left (b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e+c (2 c d-b e) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {1+\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e x^2}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}}}{\sqrt {1-x^2}} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1+\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e x^2}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}}} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\\ &=-\frac {2 \sqrt {d+e x} \left (b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e+c (2 c d-b e) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \left (c d^2-b d e+a e^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {4 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\\ \end {align*}
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 25.94, size = 976, normalized size = 2.03 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {d+e x} \left (-4 b^2 e+8 c (a e+c d x)+4 b c (d-e x)-\frac {(d+e x) \left (-\frac {4 e^2 (-2 c d+b e) \sqrt {\frac {c d^2+e (-b d+a e)}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}} (a+x (b+c x))}{(d+e x)^2}-\frac {i \sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \left (2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}+2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (d-e x)}{\left (2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} \sqrt {\frac {2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}-2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (-d+e x)}{\left (-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c d^2-b d e+a e^2}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}}}{\sqrt {d+e x}}\right )|-\frac {-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}{2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {d+e x}}+\frac {i \sqrt {2} \left (b^2 e^2-4 a c e^2+2 c d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}-b e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}+2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (d-e x)}{\left (2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} \sqrt {\frac {2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}-2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (-d+e x)}{\left (-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c d^2-b d e+a e^2}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}}}{\sqrt {d+e x}}\right )|-\frac {-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}{2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {d+e x}}\right )}{e \sqrt {\frac {c d^2+e (-b d+a e)}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}}}\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (-c d^2+e (b d-a e)\right ) \sqrt {a+x (b+c x)}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1893\) vs.
\(2(428)=856\).
time = 0.82, size = 1894, normalized size = 3.95
method | result | size |
elliptic | \(\frac {\sqrt {\left (e x +d \right ) \left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )}\, \left (-\frac {2 \left (c e x +c d \right ) \left (\frac {\left (b e -2 c d \right ) x}{4 a^{2} c \,e^{2}-a \,b^{2} e^{2}-4 a b c d e +4 d^{2} c^{2} a +b^{3} d e -b^{2} c \,d^{2}}-\frac {2 a c e -b^{2} e +b c d}{\left (4 a^{2} c \,e^{2}-a \,b^{2} e^{2}-4 a b c d e +4 d^{2} c^{2} a +b^{3} d e -b^{2} c \,d^{2}\right ) c}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (\frac {a}{c}+\frac {b x}{c}+x^{2}\right ) \left (c e x +c d \right )}}+\frac {2 \left (\frac {4 a c \,e^{2}-b^{2} e^{2}-2 b c d e +4 c^{2} d^{2}}{4 a^{2} c \,e^{2}-a \,b^{2} e^{2}-4 a b c d e +4 d^{2} c^{2} a +b^{3} d e -b^{2} c \,d^{2}}-\frac {\left (2 a c e -b^{2} e +b c d \right ) e}{4 a^{2} c \,e^{2}-a \,b^{2} e^{2}-4 a b c d e +4 d^{2} c^{2} a +b^{3} d e -b^{2} c \,d^{2}}+\frac {2 c d \left (b e -2 c d \right )}{4 a^{2} c \,e^{2}-a \,b^{2} e^{2}-4 a b c d e +4 d^{2} c^{2} a +b^{3} d e -b^{2} c \,d^{2}}\right ) \left (-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \EllipticF \left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {c e \,x^{3}+b e \,x^{2}+c d \,x^{2}+a e x +x b d +a d}}+\frac {2 \left (b e -2 c d \right ) c e \left (-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) \EllipticE \left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )+\frac {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) \EllipticF \left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {d}{e}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )}{2 c}\right )}{\left (4 a^{2} c \,e^{2}-a \,b^{2} e^{2}-4 a b c d e +4 d^{2} c^{2} a +b^{3} d e -b^{2} c \,d^{2}\right ) \sqrt {c e \,x^{3}+b e \,x^{2}+c d \,x^{2}+a e x +x b d +a d}}\right )}{\sqrt {e x +d}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}\) | \(1197\) |
default | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1894\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
4.
time = 0.55, size = 732, normalized size = 1.52 \begin {gather*} -\frac {2 \, {\left ({\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, b c^{2} d^{2} x + 2 \, a c^{2} d^{2} - {\left (a b^{2} - 6 \, a^{2} c + {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{2} + {\left (b^{3} - 6 \, a b c\right )} x\right )} e^{2} - 2 \, {\left (b c^{2} d x^{2} + b^{2} c d x + a b c d\right )} e\right )} \sqrt {c} e^{\frac {1}{2}} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} d^{2} - b c d e + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{3 \, c^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} d^{2} e - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} d e^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} e^{3}\right )} e^{\left (-3\right )}}{27 \, c^{3}}, \frac {{\left (c d + {\left (3 \, c x + b\right )} e\right )} e^{\left (-1\right )}}{3 \, c}\right ) - 3 \, {\left ({\left (b c^{2} x^{2} + b^{2} c x + a b c\right )} e^{2} - 2 \, {\left (c^{3} d x^{2} + b c^{2} d x + a c^{2} d\right )} e\right )} \sqrt {c} e^{\frac {1}{2}} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} d^{2} - b c d e + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{3 \, c^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} d^{2} e - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} d e^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} e^{3}\right )} e^{\left (-3\right )}}{27 \, c^{3}}, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} d^{2} - b c d e + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{3 \, c^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} d^{2} e - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} d e^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} e^{3}\right )} e^{\left (-3\right )}}{27 \, c^{3}}, \frac {{\left (c d + {\left (3 \, c x + b\right )} e\right )} e^{\left (-1\right )}}{3 \, c}\right )\right ) - 3 \, \sqrt {c x^{2} + b x + a} {\left ({\left (b c^{2} x + b^{2} c - 2 \, a c^{2}\right )} e^{2} - {\left (2 \, c^{3} d x + b c^{2} d\right )} e\right )} \sqrt {x e + d}\right )}}{3 \, {\left ({\left (a^{2} b^{2} c - 4 \, a^{3} c^{2} + {\left (a b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c^{3}\right )} x^{2} + {\left (a b^{3} c - 4 \, a^{2} b c^{2}\right )} x\right )} e^{3} - {\left ({\left (b^{3} c^{2} - 4 \, a b c^{3}\right )} d x^{2} + {\left (b^{4} c - 4 \, a b^{2} c^{2}\right )} d x + {\left (a b^{3} c - 4 \, a^{2} b c^{2}\right )} d\right )} e^{2} + {\left ({\left (b^{2} c^{3} - 4 \, a c^{4}\right )} d^{2} x^{2} + {\left (b^{3} c^{2} - 4 \, a b c^{3}\right )} d^{2} x + {\left (a b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c^{3}\right )} d^{2}\right )} e\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d + e x} \left (a + b x + c x^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d+e\,x}\,{\left (c\,x^2+b\,x+a\right )}^{3/2}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________